TMJ
The Temporal Mandibular Joint or TMJ is the joint allows you to open and close your mouth. The joint is capable of rotating and gliding. There are four main muscles that help to support and control movement of this joint. The Temporalis, Massater Medial Pterygoid and the Lateral Pterygoid. These all need to work together to ensure controlled movement in a down and backward motion. If dysfunction occurs then pain and spasm in these muscles can begin and the symptoms can be very debilitating.
People often go to many doctors and many tests are performed before the TMJ is considered as a potential source of pain. Physical therapy can help to improve range of motion, stability, release tight muscles and restore balance between the tongue and the muscles of the jaw. Additionally, the upper neck and back are also treated as there is usually a contributing factor in those regions that needs to be addressed in order for treatment to be successful. TMJ is an area that is often overlooked in common conditions such as headaches, tooth aches, ear ringing and fullness.
Headaches
TMJ headaches can presents as pain in the temple region, face pain or pain down the sides of the neck.
Locked jaw
A condition where the jaw is either stuck in the locked open position and a person has difficulty closing the jaw or where the jaw is stuck closed and the person has a hard time opening the jaw
Clicking or disc displacement
This often occurs from compensation and excessive movement on one side of the jaw. Often treatment will involve exercises to help improve the control and strength of the side that is clicking as well as improving the mobility of the non clicking side.
Clenching
Very common habit that can contribute to symptoms in the muscles surrounding the jaw and mouth. Treatment involves massage techniques and stretches to improve the mobility of the jaw. Activity modification and stress management strategies are employed as well to help with changing the underlying behavior.
Tongue tie
Often a condition that a person has had since birth. This limited motion of the tongue has caused compensations in the surrounding musculature which can be a source of pain and discomfort Treatment involves stretches of the tongue and massage of the surrounding muscles.